Science & Technology Current Affairs - 2026-07-25

Background: The Gaganyaan mission aims to demonstrate India's human spaceflight capability. A critical component is the CE-20 cryogenic engine. Current Context: On July 24, 2026, ISRO successfully conducted a long-duration hot test of the upgraded cryogenic engine at the Mahendragiri facility. This test validated the engine's performance under simulated flight conditions. Impact: This successful trial marks a significant milestone for the upcoming crewed mission, ensuring higher reliability and safety for the launch vehicle. It brings India closer to its goal of launching astronauts into low Earth orbit by late 2026.

Background: Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is essential for secure, hack-proof communication. India has been investing heavily in the National Quantum Mission. Current Context: As of July 25, 2026, researchers have achieved a breakthrough in stable quantum entanglement over long-distance fiber optic networks in India. This development was facilitated by a collaboration between premier research institutes and the Department of Science and Technology. Impact: This advancement is crucial for developing a secure national communication grid, protecting sensitive government and financial data from potential cyber threats and future quantum-based decryption attacks.