National Current Affairs - 2026-04-17

Background: The Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) quota was introduced via the 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019, providing 10% reservation in higher education and government jobs for those not covered under SC/ST/OBC reservations. Current Context: A five-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court recently upheld the validity of the EWS reservation, ruling that it does not violate the basic structure of the Constitution. The court stated that the amendment is not discriminatory as it excludes the creamy layer from OBCs. Impact: This verdict reinforces the government's policy to provide affirmative action based on economic criteria, potentially impacting future reservation policies and the socio-economic fabric of higher education and public employment in India.

Background: The Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016, mandate producers, importers, and brand owners to manage plastic waste generated from their products, promoting a circular economy and reducing environmental pollution. Current Context: The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has recently emphasized the urgent need for strict adherence to these rules across all states and Union Territories. It has directed authorities to ensure proper segregation, collection, and disposal of plastic waste, and to penalize violations effectively. Impact: This directive aims to curb the pervasive issue of plastic pollution, improve waste management infrastructure, and promote sustainable consumption patterns. It is expected to lead to cleaner urban and rural environments and reduce the ecological footprint of plastic waste in India.

Background: Skill development is a key focus area for the Indian government to enhance employability and promote economic growth, particularly in rural and underserved regions. Current Context: The Ministry of Rural Development has launched a new comprehensive scheme aimed at providing vocational training and skill enhancement opportunities to rural youth. The initiative focuses on sectors with high employment potential, such as agriculture, handicrafts, and local manufacturing, using a hub-and-spoke model for wider reach. Impact: This program is expected to empower rural populations by equipping them with relevant skills, thereby increasing their income-generating capabilities, reducing rural-urban migration, and contributing to the overall socio-economic development of the country.