Besides government agencies, who are the key stakeholders expected to participate in the 'National Campaign Against Coastal Plastic Pollution'?
A Only international environmental organizations
B Local communities, NGOs, fishing communities, and industries
C Primarily academic institutions and research bodies
D Only tourism operators along the coast
Answer: B
Effective coastal plastic pollution campaigns require a multi-stakeholder approach. This includes engaging local communities for clean-up drives, NGOs for awareness and advocacy, fishing communities who are directly impacted, and industries for sustainable alternatives and waste management solutions.
2.
Which Indian government body is likely to be the lead agency for the 'National Campaign Against Coastal Plastic Pollution' launched in 2026?
A National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
B Ministry of Shipping
C Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
D Indian Coast Guard
Answer: C
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) typically leads initiatives related to pollution control, environmental conservation, and waste management in India, including campaigns targeting plastic pollution.
3.
In 2026, the national campaign against coastal plastic pollution is primarily aimed at addressing which major environmental issue?
A Air pollution in coastal cities
B Marine ecosystem degradation due to plastic waste
C Overfishing in coastal waters
D Coral reef bleaching
Answer: B
The national campaign focuses on reducing and managing plastic pollution along India's extensive coastline, which poses a significant threat to marine life, ecosystems, and human health through the accumulation of plastic waste in oceans.
4.
Which Indian ministry is primarily responsible for implementing the commitments under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework?
A Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
B Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
C Ministry of Earth Sciences
D Ministry of Jal Shakti
Answer: B
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is the nodal ministry in India responsible for matters related to biodiversity conservation and the implementation of international environmental agreements, including the Convention on Biological Diversity and its frameworks.
5.
What is a key target of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework that India is committed to achieving by 2030?
A To increase the global average temperature by 1.5 degrees Celsius.
B To protect at least 30% of the planet's land and oceans.
C To reduce global plastic production by 50%.
D To achieve zero net emissions by 2050.
Answer: B
One of the headline targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework is to protect and conserve at least 30% of the world's terrestrial and marine areas by 2030, often referred to as '30x30'. India is aligning its conservation strategies with this goal.
6.
In 2026, which global biodiversity framework, adopted in 2022, continues to guide India's conservation efforts?
A The Aichi Biodiversity Targets
B The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
C The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Strategic Plan
D The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
Answer: B
The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted at COP15 in December 2022, sets ambitious goals for halting and reversing biodiversity loss by 2030. India has been actively working towards its commitments under this framework.
7.
What is a key objective behind declaring new National Parks in India, as emphasized in conservation efforts up to 2026?
A To promote tourism and revenue generation
B To facilitate industrial development in ecologically sensitive areas
C To protect endangered species and their habitats from anthropogenic pressures
D To increase timber extraction for commercial purposes
Answer: C
A primary objective of declaring new National Parks is to safeguard endangered species and their critical habitats from human activities and other anthropogenic pressures, thereby ensuring long-term biodiversity conservation.
8.
The declaration of new National Parks in India is primarily governed by which Act, as of 2026?
A The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
B The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
C The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
D The Biological Diversity Act, 2002
Answer: A
The declaration of National Parks in India is done under the provisions of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, which provides for the establishment of protected areas for the conservation of wildlife and their habitats.
9.
As of 2026, which of the following regions has seen the declaration of a new National Park aimed at protecting its unique biodiversity and ecosystems?
A The Western Ghats
B The Andaman and Nicobar Islands
C The Himalayan Region
D The Thar Desert
Answer: B
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands have recently seen the declaration of a new National Park, 'Campbell Bay National Park Extension', to further bolster biodiversity conservation efforts in the ecologically sensitive region.
10.
What is a significant challenge faced by India in accelerating offshore wind energy development, despite its vast potential, as of 2026?
A Lack of suitable wind speeds
B High upfront capital costs and technological expertise required
C Limited coastline availability
D Opposition from fishing communities
Answer: B
While India has vast offshore wind potential, the high upfront capital costs associated with setting up offshore wind farms and the need for specialized technological expertise remain significant challenges.
