Which of the following has historically been a significant sticking point in the India-EU FTA negotiations, particularly concerning market access?
A India's demand for unrestricted access to EU's agricultural subsidies.
B EU's concerns regarding India's intellectual property rights (IPR) regime and high tariffs on certain goods like automobiles and wines.
C India's insistence on a common visa policy for all EU citizens.
D EU's demand for India to join the Eurozone.
Answer: B
Historically, key challenges in India-EU FTA negotiations have included the EU's concerns over India's IPR regime, high tariffs on specific EU exports (like cars, wines, and spirits), and India's demands for greater market access for its services and skilled professionals.
72.
What is the primary objective of the ongoing Free Trade Agreement (FTA) negotiations between India and the European Union?
A To establish a military alliance for regional security.
B To eliminate tariffs and non-tariff barriers, fostering increased trade and investment.
C To create a common currency zone between India and EU member states.
D To facilitate cultural exchange programs exclusively.
Answer: B
The core purpose of any Free Trade Agreement, including the India-EU FTA, is to reduce or eliminate trade barriers like tariffs and quotas, thereby promoting greater economic integration, trade, and investment between the parties.
73.
The Green Climate Fund (GCF), a key financial mechanism under the UNFCCC, primarily supports developing countries in their efforts towards:
A Promoting nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation.
B Achieving sustainable development goals unrelated to climate.
C Both mitigation and adaptation actions to address climate change.
D Funding space exploration and research.
Answer: C
The Green Climate Fund (GCF) is dedicated to supporting developing countries in their climate action, specifically funding projects and programs related to both climate change mitigation (reducing emissions) and adaptation (adjusting to impacts).
74.
Which international agreement, adopted under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), specifically emphasizes global goals for adapting to climate change impacts?
A Kyoto Protocol
B Montreal Protocol
C Paris Agreement
D Vienna Convention
Answer: C
The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, includes a global goal on adaptation (Article 7), aiming to enhance adaptive capacity, strengthen resilience, and reduce vulnerability to climate change.
75.
What is the primary objective of a UN General Assembly Special Session focused on Climate Resilience?
A To negotiate a new legally binding global climate treaty.
B To review progress, identify gaps, and mobilize political will for enhanced climate adaptation and mitigation efforts.
C To establish a permanent UN Climate Resilience Fund with mandatory contributions from all member states.
D To sanction countries failing to meet their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).
Answer: B
Special sessions of the UNGA are typically convened to address urgent global issues, review progress, and galvanize political commitment, rather than to negotiate new treaties or impose sanctions directly. Climate resilience sessions aim to strengthen adaptation and mitigation strategies.
76.
What is the significance of the 'Green Transition' in the context of India-EU relations?
A It aims to increase trade tariffs on all goods.
B It focuses on shifting towards sustainable, low-carbon economies.
C It is a policy to stop all digital services.
D It is a military pact to secure maritime routes.
Answer: B
The Green Transition refers to the global shift towards environmentally sustainable practices and reducing carbon footprints to combat climate change.
77.
Which institution represents the European Union in strategic dialogues with India?
A European Commission
B European Central Bank
C NATO
D G7 Secretariat
Answer: A
The European Commission, as the executive branch of the EU, leads the strategic dialogues and policy implementation with India.
78.
The India-EU Strategic Dialogue often emphasizes the 'Green and Digital Partnership'. Which of the following is a key pillar of this cooperation?
A Expansion of coal-based power plants.
B Promotion of renewable energy and circular economy.
C Restriction on technology transfer.
D Military alliance for regional defense.
Answer: B
The India-EU partnership focuses on climate action, renewable energy, and sustainable development as part of the green transition.
79.
Which of the following countries is NOT a permanent member of the UN Security Council?
A France
B China
C Germany
D Russia
Answer: C
The five permanent members of the UNSC are China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
80.
What is the primary function of the UN Security Council under the UN Charter?
A To oversee the global financial system.
B To maintain international peace and security.
C To promote cultural exchange between nations.
D To manage global climate change negotiations.
Answer: B
Under the UN Charter, the Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security.
