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Environment & Ecology MCQs - 2026-10-15

1.
When industries fail to comply with effluent discharge norms, the National Green Tribunal (NGT) often imposes environmental compensation based on which principle?
A Precautionary Principle
B Sustainable Development Principle
C Polluter Pays Principle
D Public Trust Doctrine
2.
In its efforts to curb unregulated industrial effluents, the NGT often emphasizes the importance of Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs). What is the primary purpose of a CETP?
A To provide financial subsidies to polluting industries.
B To collectively treat wastewater from a cluster of small and medium industries.
C To monitor air quality around industrial zones.
D To promote the use of fossil fuels in industries.
3.
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) frequently mandates action against industries discharging unregulated effluents. Which of the following Acts primarily empowers the NGT and other regulatory bodies to control water pollution from industrial sources?
A Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
B Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
C Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
D Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
4.
As per the Plastic Waste Management (Amendment) Rules, 2021, and subsequent NGT directives, India implemented a ban on identified single-use plastic items from which date?
A January 1, 2022
B July 1, 2022
C October 2, 2023
D April 1, 2024
5.
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) frequently directs state authorities to ensure strict compliance with Plastic Waste Management Rules. Under which Act was the NGT established, granting it powers to issue such directives?
A Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
B Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
D Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
6.
Which of the following is a key feature of the Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016, as frequently emphasized by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) for strict compliance?
A Mandatory use of only biodegradable plastics for all packaging.
B Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for plastic waste management.
C Complete ban on all types of plastic manufacturing by 2025.
D Central government's sole responsibility for waste collection and processing.
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