Environment & Ecology MCQs

India's updated NDC submitted in 2022 commits to reducing the emissions intensity of its GDP by 45% by 2030 from 2005 level. However, the initial NDC submitted in 2015 committed to a reduction of 33-35%. Given the options, 33-35% refers to the original commitment which is often tested.

The National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC) aims to support concrete adaptation activities which are not addressed through other ongoing schemes and programmes. It covers a wide range of vulnerable sectors including agriculture, water resources, coastal regions, and others, making 'All of the above' the correct answer.

The eight missions under NAPCC are: National Solar Mission, National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency, National Mission on Sustainable Habitat, National Water Mission, National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem, National Mission for a Green India, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture, and National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change. National Mission for Urban Development is not part of NAPCC.

Project Tiger is a wildlife conservation program launched by the Government of India to protect tigers and their habitats in various tiger reserves across the country.

The Prime Minister announced the minimum tiger population to be 3167 in April 2023, based on the 2022 census data. Later, the average estimate was updated to 3682.

The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) in collaboration with state forest departments and the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) conducts the All India Tiger Estimation. NTCA is the nodal agency.

The production of green hydrogen requires significant amounts of renewable electricity for electrolysis, thereby creating a substantial new demand for renewable energy generation.

Green hydrogen is produced by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen using electricity generated from renewable sources like solar or wind power, through a process called electrolysis.

The mission aims to position India as a leader in green hydrogen, fostering its production and use domestically and for export.

India's strategy focuses on transitioning away from fossil fuels, promoting renewables, improving energy efficiency, and developing new technologies like green hydrogen, not increasing fossil fuel exploration.