The concept of 'Climate Resilience' in the context of heatwaves refers to:
A Reducing the intensity of the sun's rays.
B The ability of a system to anticipate, absorb, accommodate, or recover from the effects of a heatwave.
C Completely eliminating heatwaves from occurring.
D Increasing the average global temperature.
Answer: B
Climate resilience refers to the capacity of communities and ecosystems to withstand and adapt to the impacts of climate change, including extreme weather events like heatwaves.
32.
Which of the following is NOT a recommended measure for individuals to cope with severe heatwaves?
A Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
B Wearing light-coloured, loose-fitting cotton clothes.
C Engaging in strenuous outdoor activities during peak heat hours.
D Staying indoors in cool places as much as possible.
Answer: C
Engaging in strenuous outdoor activities during peak heat hours can exacerbate heat-related illnesses and should be avoided.
33.
Which government agency is primarily responsible for issuing heatwave warnings in India?
A National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
B India Meteorological Department (IMD)
C Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
D National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC)
Answer: B
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) is the official agency responsible for monitoring weather patterns and issuing heatwave warnings in India.
34.
Which of the following is a crucial component of building climate-resilient infrastructure?
A Using only locally sourced materials
B Integrating climate risk assessments into planning and design
C Prioritizing aesthetic appeal over functionality
D Minimizing maintenance costs at all stages
Answer: B
Integrating climate risk assessments into the planning and design phases of infrastructure projects is crucial. This allows for the identification of potential climate hazards and the incorporation of adaptive measures to enhance resilience from the outset.
35.
Which of the following initiatives or bodies in India is most directly involved in promoting climate-resilient infrastructure development globally, with India playing a leading role?
A National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)
B National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
C Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI)
D National Green Tribunal (NGT)
Answer: C
The Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) is a multi-stakeholder global partnership of national governments, UN agencies and programmes, multilateral development banks, the private sector, and knowledge institutions that aims to promote the resilience of new and existing infrastructure systems to climate and disaster risks. India launched CDRI in 2019.
36.
What is the primary objective of a National Climate Resilience Framework for Infrastructure?
A To reduce carbon emissions from infrastructure projects
B To ensure infrastructure can withstand and recover from climate change impacts
C To promote green building standards
D To fund international climate adaptation projects
Answer: B
The primary objective of a climate resilience framework for infrastructure is to enhance the ability of physical assets and systems to anticipate, absorb, accommodate, or recover from the effects of a hazardous event in a timely and efficient manner, including through preservation, restoration, or improvement of essential basic structures and functions.
37.
As of recent data, which type of Protected Area constitutes the largest number in India?
A National Parks
B Wildlife Sanctuaries
C Conservation Reserves
D Community Reserves
Answer: B
Wildlife Sanctuaries are the most numerous category among the Protected Areas in India, followed by National Parks, Conservation Reserves, and Community Reserves.
38.
Which two categories of Protected Areas were added to the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, through an amendment in 2002, to provide greater flexibility and involve local communities in conservation efforts?
A National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries
B Tiger Reserves and Biosphere Reserves
C Conservation Reserves and Community Reserves
D Marine Protected Areas and Sacred Groves
Answer: C
The Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002, introduced two new categories of Protected Areas: Conservation Reserves and Community Reserves, to protect areas adjacent to National Parks and Sanctuaries or important corridors, and to involve local communities in conservation.
39.
Which of the following acts primarily governs the establishment and management of Protected Areas in India, including National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries?
A Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
B Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
C Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
D Biological Diversity Act, 2002
Answer: A
The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, is the primary legislation for the protection of wildlife and their habitats, including the establishment and management of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves, and Community Reserves.
40.
Which government body is primarily responsible for the implementation of the Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017 in India?
A Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
B Ministry of Jal Shakti
C Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
D National Water Development Agency
Answer: C
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is the nodal ministry responsible for the conservation and management of wetlands in India, including the implementation of the Wetlands Rules.
