Environment & Ecology MCQs

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is the nodal ministry for wetland management and conservation in India and launched the Amrit Dharohar Yojana.

The 'Amrit Dharohar Yojana' was launched by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to promote the unique heritage of wetlands and encourage their conservation.

Section 37 of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, grants the State Governments the power to notify, in consultation with local bodies, areas of biodiversity importance as Biodiversity Heritage Sites.

Biodiversity Heritage Sites are declared under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, to protect and conserve areas that possess high biodiversity value, including unique ecosystems and threatened species.

The 'Agastyamala Elephant Corridor' in the Western Ghats, located in the Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu, was declared a Biodiversity Heritage Site.

Keoladeo National Park in Rajasthan was listed on the Montreux Record in 1990 due to ecological changes. While Chilika Lake was once on the record, it was later removed after successful restoration efforts. Loktak and Wular Lakes are Ramsar sites but not currently on the Montreux Record.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is the nodal ministry in India responsible for the implementation of the Ramsar Convention and the designation and management of Ramsar Sites.

The primary objective of designating a Ramsar Site is to conserve and wisely use wetlands, thereby contributing to achieving sustainable development globally. This involves protecting their biodiversity and ecological character.

While Biosphere Reserves are recognized internationally and managed by the government, they are not explicitly defined as a category of protected area under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. The Act primarily defines National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves, and Community Reserves.

A region is designated as a biodiversity hotspot if it contains at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics (which is more than 0.5% of the world's total) and has lost at least 70% of its original primary vegetation.