Environment and Ecology MCQs for UPSC and SSC Exams

1.

Which of the following is an example of a 'Climate Adaptation Strategy' for coastal regions?

A Increasing reliance on fossil fuels for energy.

B Developing early warning systems for cyclones and storm surges.

C Encouraging construction in high-risk coastal flood zones.

D Reducing investment in coastal infrastructure maintenance.

2.

What is a key component of a 'Coastal Resilience Strategy'?

A Promoting unsustainable coastal development.

B Implementing 'hard' engineering solutions like seawalls without considering ecosystem impacts.

C Integrating 'nature-based solutions' such as restoring mangroves and coral reefs.

D Ignoring the role of local communities in adaptation planning.

3.

Which of the following is a primary threat to coastal areas due to climate change?

A Decreased rainfall and drought conditions.

B Sea-level rise and increased frequency of extreme weather events.

C Expansion of coastal mangrove forests.

D Reduction in ocean acidity.

4.

What is a 'Community Conserved Area' (CCA) in the context of new protected area notifications?

A An area declared by the central government for exclusive scientific research.

B An area managed and conserved voluntarily by local communities for biodiversity conservation.

C A privately owned forest reserve with no public access.

D An area designated for commercial forestry operations.

5.

Under which Indian legislation are Protected Areas, such as National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries, typically notified?

A The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980

B The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

C The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972

D The Biological Diversity Act, 2002

6.

Which of the following is a key objective of issuing a New Protected Area Notification for Biodiversity?

A To promote industrial development in ecologically sensitive zones.

B To conserve specific species or habitats and their associated biodiversity.

C To facilitate large-scale tourism infrastructure development.

D To allow for unrestricted resource extraction by local communities.

Environment & Ecology MCQs - 2026-05-30