Environment & Ecology MCQs - 2026-05-03

Jim Corbett National Park, established in 1936 as Hailey National Park in Uttarakhand, was the first national park in India.

Unlike Wildlife Sanctuaries, National Parks have a higher degree of protection where activities like livestock grazing and private land rights are strictly prohibited.

National Parks in India are declared under the provisions of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, which provides for the protection of wild animals, birds, and plants.

The Himalayas are highly vulnerable to climate change, where rising temperatures lead to glacial retreat, affecting the unique alpine flora and fauna.

A region must meet two strict criteria: it must contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics and it must have lost at least 70% of its original native vegetation.

The concept of biodiversity hotspots was introduced by British ecologist Norman Myers in 1988 to identify areas with high levels of species endemism and significant habitat loss.

Microplastics are defined as plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter, which pose a significant threat to aquatic life and human health.

The ban on identified single-use plastic (SUP) items with high littering potential and low utility came into effect in India on July 1, 2022.

The UN Environment Assembly (UNEA-5.2) in Nairobi adopted a resolution to develop a legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, including in the marine environment.