Environment & Ecology MCQs - 2026-04-15

Healthy ecosystems, supported by successful biodiversity conservation, provide essential services like clean air and water, pollination, and climate regulation, which are vital for human well-being.

Biodiversity hotspots are regions with exceptionally high concentrations of endemic species that are also under significant threat. Protecting them is crucial for preventing extinctions and preserving unique life forms.

Habitat fragmentation, caused by human activities like infrastructure development and agriculture, is a significant threat that isolates populations and reduces available living space for wildlife.

Wildlife corridors are essential for connecting fragmented habitats, allowing animals to move between areas for breeding, foraging, and migration, thereby promoting genetic diversity and population health.

India is recognized as a megadiverse country because it harbors a significant proportion of the world's species and a high degree of endemism, meaning a large number of species are found nowhere else.

The FSI report context implies that climate change and developmental pressures pose significant challenges to maintaining and increasing forest cover, necessitating continued conservation efforts.

Increased mangrove cover provides vital protection for coastlines against erosion and storm surges, acting as a natural barrier and enhancing coastal resilience.

While overall forest cover has seen a marginal increase, the latest FSI report noted a slight decrease in moderately dense forests, alongside increases in open and very dense forests.

Recent reports from the Forest Survey of India have indicated a positive trend with an increase in India's mangrove cover, which is crucial for coastal protection and biodiversity.

The Forest Survey of India (FSI), an organization under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, is responsible for conducting forest surveys and publishing the biennial State of Forest Report (SFR).