MCQs - 2026-04

Precision medicine aims to tailor medical treatment to the individual characteristics of each patient, including their genetic makeup. CRISPR-based therapy exemplifies this approach by targeting specific genetic defects.

Early clinical trials have shown that the therapy can lead to improvements in vision, such as better visual acuity and the ability to perceive light more effectively.

For treating IRDs, the CRISPR-Cas9 system is typically delivered directly into the eye to target the affected retinal cells.

IRDs are a group of genetic disorders resulting from alterations in genes that are crucial for the proper functioning of the retina and photoreceptor cells.

CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful gene-editing tool that allows scientists to make precise changes to DNA sequences, including correcting mutations that cause genetic diseases.

Tokamak reactors, a common design, use powerful magnetic fields generated by superconducting magnets to confine the superheated plasma, preventing it from touching the reactor walls.

The project is a strategic investment in advanced, clean energy technology aimed at ensuring long-term energy security and reducing carbon emissions.

Fusion requires creating and maintaining plasma at temperatures of millions of degrees Celsius and confining it effectively, which is a significant technological hurdle.

Fusion reactions produce significantly less radioactive waste, and the primary fuels (deuterium and tritium) are readily available, making it a cleaner and more sustainable energy source.

Fusion involves the merging of light nuclei, such as hydrogen isotopes, to form a heavier nucleus, releasing a substantial amount of energy in the process.