Science & Technology MCQs

India, through ISRO, has a history of collaboration with major space agencies like NASA, Roscosmos, and ESA on various space missions and research projects.

ISRO is the nodal agency for space exploration and research in India and is responsible for the country's participation in global space communication initiatives.

The Gaganyaan missions are planned to orbit the Earth in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), typically at altitudes between 300 to 400 kilometers.

The Service Module is part of the spacecraft, not the launch vehicle. The LVM3 is the launch vehicle, and the Cryogenic Upper Stage is a part of it. The Orbital Module is the part of the spacecraft that will house the crew.

The uncrewed Gaganyaan mission is primarily designed to test critical systems like the crew escape system and parachute deployment before the actual crewed flights.

The Deep Space Network (DSN) station at Indian Deep Space Communication Complex (DSOC) in Byalalu, near Bengaluru, is ISRO's primary facility for deep space communication and tracking of its interplanetary missions.

Expanding the DSN typically involves upgrading ground stations with larger, more sensitive antennas to capture weaker signals from distant spacecraft and employing advanced signal processing techniques to decode complex data more effectively.

The expansion of the Deep Space Network is crucial for maintaining robust communication with spacecraft operating in deep space, especially for complex and long-duration missions like potential Chandrayaan-4 and future probes to other planets.

The Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC), located in Thiruvananthapuram, is ISRO's nodal center for the development of liquid and cryogenic propulsion stages for launch vehicles and spacecraft. VSSC is the lead center for Gaganyaan overall, but LPSC specifically handles propulsion systems.

The Service Module Propulsion System (SMPS) is designed for in-orbit operations, including attitude control, orbital adjustments, and the critical de-orbit burn to bring the crew module back to Earth. The initial launch thrust is provided by the launch vehicle's boosters and main engines.