Science & Technology MCQs - 2026-10-03

The Deep Space Network (DSN) station at Indian Deep Space Communication Complex (DSOC) in Byalalu, near Bengaluru, is ISRO's primary facility for deep space communication and tracking of its interplanetary missions.

Expanding the DSN typically involves upgrading ground stations with larger, more sensitive antennas to capture weaker signals from distant spacecraft and employing advanced signal processing techniques to decode complex data more effectively.

The expansion of the Deep Space Network is crucial for maintaining robust communication with spacecraft operating in deep space, especially for complex and long-duration missions like potential Chandrayaan-4 and future probes to other planets.

The Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC), located in Thiruvananthapuram, is ISRO's nodal center for the development of liquid and cryogenic propulsion stages for launch vehicles and spacecraft. VSSC is the lead center for Gaganyaan overall, but LPSC specifically handles propulsion systems.

The Service Module Propulsion System (SMPS) is designed for in-orbit operations, including attitude control, orbital adjustments, and the critical de-orbit burn to bring the crew module back to Earth. The initial launch thrust is provided by the launch vehicle's boosters and main engines.

The recent successful propulsion test by ISRO for Gaganyaan in 2026 focused on the Service Module Propulsion System (SMPS), which is crucial for orbital maneuvers and de-orbiting the crew module.