What is the primary objective of G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors when discussing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
A To directly implement SDG projects in member countries.
B To mobilize financial resources and coordinate policies to accelerate SDG achievement.
C To monitor the environmental impact of global financial markets.
D To establish new international trade agreements focused on sustainability.
Answer: B
The G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors primarily focus on mobilizing financial resources, coordinating macroeconomic policies, and promoting reforms in international financial institutions to accelerate progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals.
112.
Which UN Security Council Resolution, adopted in response to a major health crisis, explicitly recognized the threat posed by a disease outbreak to international peace and security?
A Resolution 1373
B Resolution 2177
C Resolution 2532
D Resolution 1540
Answer: B
UN Security Council Resolution 2177 (2014) on the Ebola outbreak in West Africa was a landmark resolution that explicitly declared the outbreak a 'threat to international peace and security,' marking a significant expansion of the Council's engagement with global health issues.
113.
In its recent discussions on emerging global health threats, the UN Security Council has increasingly emphasized the importance of a 'One Health' approach. Which of the following best defines the 'One Health' concept?
A A global initiative to provide universal health coverage.
B An integrated approach recognizing the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health.
C A strategy to centralize all health decisions under the WHO.
D A framework for funding health infrastructure in developing countries.
Answer: B
The 'One Health' approach recognizes that the health of humans, animals, and the environment are intrinsically linked. This integrated perspective is crucial for addressing emerging zoonotic diseases and environmental health challenges, which often have security implications.
114.
Which of the following best describes the primary reason for the UN Security Council's engagement with global health threats?
A To directly fund global health initiatives.
B To address health crises that pose a threat to international peace and security.
C To set global health policy standards.
D To provide humanitarian aid in all health emergencies.
Answer: B
The UN Security Council's mandate is to maintain international peace and security. It addresses global health threats when they are deemed to pose a risk to this mandate, such as pandemics destabilizing regions or health crises exacerbating conflicts.
115.
A primary objective of the proposed India-United Kingdom Free Trade Agreement (FTA) is to achieve what for bilateral trade?
A Introduce new non-tariff barriers
B Eliminate or reduce tariffs on a wide range of goods and services
C Restrict movement of skilled professionals
D Promote a single currency union
Answer: B
The fundamental goal of any Free Trade Agreement, including the one between India and the United Kingdom, is to liberalize trade by eliminating or significantly reducing tariffs and other non-tariff barriers on a broad spectrum of goods and services. This aims to make trade cheaper, faster, and more efficient, boosting economic growth for both parties.
116.
Which of the following sectors is a primary focus area for liberalization and increased cooperation under the ongoing India-United Kingdom Free Trade Agreement (FTA) negotiations?
A Space exploration and asteroid mining
B Financial services and digital trade
C Deep-sea oil drilling technology
D Antarctic research infrastructure
Answer: B
The India-UK FTA negotiations cover a wide range of sectors, with a significant emphasis on services, including financial services, and digital trade. Both countries aim to reduce barriers and facilitate greater cooperation in these high-growth areas, alongside goods, investment, and intellectual property.
117.
As of early 2026, India is in advanced stages of negotiating a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with which major European nation, aiming to significantly boost bilateral trade and investment?
A Germany
B France
C United Kingdom
D Italy
Answer: C
India and the United Kingdom have been engaged in extensive negotiations for a comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (FTA) since January 2022. As of early 2026, these negotiations are expected to be in advanced stages or potentially concluded, aiming to significantly enhance trade and investment ties between the two nations.
118.
In the context of the UN General Assembly's role in global climate governance, what mechanism is primarily used by member states to communicate their national climate action plans and targets under the Paris Agreement?
A Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
B Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
C Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)
D Kyoto Protocol Commitments
Answer: C
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are at the heart of the Paris Agreement and represent each country's efforts to reduce national emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change. Member states regularly submit and update their NDCs, which are central to discussions on climate ambition and progress within UN forums, including the General Assembly.
119.
A significant focus of recent UN climate discussions, including those potentially addressed by the UN General Assembly in 2026, revolves around the operationalization and funding of the Loss and Damage Fund. Which COP formally agreed to operationalize this fund?
A COP26 (Glasgow)
B COP27 (Sharm El Sheikh)
C COP28 (Dubai)
D COP29 (Baku)
Answer: C
The Loss and Damage Fund was formally operationalized at COP28 in Dubai in December 2023, with initial pledges made by several countries. This fund aims to provide financial assistance to developing countries most vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, and its implementation and funding will remain a key topic in UN climate discussions, including at the UN General Assembly, in 2026.
120.
What is a key outcome of the Global Stocktake, concluded at COP28, that is expected to significantly influence UN General Assembly discussions on climate action in 2026?
A Mandating a global carbon tax
B Informing the next round of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)
C Establishing a new international climate court
D Dissolving the Paris Agreement
Answer: B
The Global Stocktake, concluded at COP28 in December 2023, is a critical process under the Paris Agreement designed to assess the world's collective progress towards achieving its climate goals. Its findings are intended to inform countries in preparing their next round of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) by 2025, making it a central point for UN General Assembly discussions on climate action in 2026.
