Environment and Ecology MCQs for Competitive Exams 2026

1.

Which of the following urban planning strategies directly contributes to mitigating the urban heat island effect?

A Maximizing impervious surfaces like concrete and asphalt.

B Increasing building density without considering ventilation and green spaces.

C Promoting mixed-use development to reduce travel distances and encourage walking.

D Reducing the number of trees and vegetation in urban areas.

2.

In the context of urban heat island mitigation, what is the significance of 'cool pavements'?

A They are designed to absorb and retain maximum heat to keep cities warm in winter.

B They are made of materials with high solar reflectance and thermal emittance to reflect sunlight and release heat.

C They are primarily used to increase the aesthetic appeal of urban areas.

D They are a type of permeable pavement that increases water runoff.

3.

Which of the following is a primary strategy recommended by urban heat island mitigation policies to reduce ambient temperatures in cities?

A Increasing the use of dark-colored, heat-absorbent materials in construction.

B Expanding green spaces like parks, green roofs, and vertical gardens.

C Reducing the availability of public water bodies and fountains.

D Promoting the construction of large, heat-retaining concrete structures.

4.

What is a significant focus area for the National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP) 2026 Update concerning the role of local communities?

A Limiting community participation in biodiversity management.

B Empowering local communities and indigenous peoples in conservation efforts and benefit-sharing.

C Disregarding traditional ecological knowledge.

D Transferring all biodiversity management responsibilities to central agencies.

5.

The National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP) 2026 Update likely includes enhanced strategies for which of the following, considering the current environmental challenges?

A Increasing deforestation rates in ecologically sensitive zones.

B Strengthening the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-Sharing.

C Reducing protected area coverage to facilitate industrial development.

D Phasing out traditional conservation practices in favor of technological solutions.

6.

Which of the following is a key objective of the National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP) 2026 Update, focusing on the period 2026-2030?

A To prioritize the conservation of invasive alien species.

B To integrate biodiversity conservation into national development policies and sectoral plans.

C To reduce the funding allocated for biodiversity research and monitoring.

D To promote the commercial exploitation of endangered species.

Environment & Ecology MCQs - 2026-10-28