Environment & Ecology MCQs - 2026-10-13

The NAP primarily involves local communities through Forest Management Committees (FMCs) and Eco-Development Committees (EDCs) for the on-ground implementation of afforestation and reforestation activities.

Increased funding for NAP is directed towards enhancing the effectiveness of afforestation efforts, focusing on restoring degraded forest areas, increasing biodiversity, and augmenting the country's capacity to absorb carbon dioxide.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is the nodal ministry for the National Afforestation Programme, overseeing its planning and execution.

Conservation efforts include establishing protected areas, habitat management, captive breeding programs to increase population numbers, and mitigation of threats like power line collisions.

Habitat loss and fragmentation due to agricultural expansion, industrialization, and infrastructure projects like power lines (which cause bird collisions) are the most significant threats to the GIB.

Rajasthan, particularly the Desert National Park area, is the primary stronghold for the Great Indian Bustard. Some populations also exist in Gujarat and other neighboring areas.

While NMSA focuses on sustainable practices, the National Food Security Mission (NFSM) is a separate mission aimed at increasing the production of certain food grains. RAD, SHFM, and WUE are key components or sub-missions under NMSA.

NMSA is one of the eight missions under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), reflecting its focus on climate change adaptation and mitigation in agriculture.

NMSA's primary goal is to make Indian agriculture more sustainable and climate-resilient by promoting practices that improve soil health, water use efficiency, and reduce dependence on external inputs.