Environment & Ecology MCQs - 2026-09-03

Tamil Nadu has been proactive in identifying and notifying Biodiversity Heritage Sites, with several sites being declared in recent years, showcasing its commitment to biodiversity conservation. (Note: This is based on recent trends and may require verification for the exact year 2026, but reflects a strong ongoing effort).

The core purpose of BHS is the conservation of unique ecosystems, endemic species, and threatened flora and fauna, along with their habitats. The expansion aims to bring more such critical areas under formal protection.

Section 37 of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, empowers State Governments to notify Biodiversity Heritage Sites in consultation with local bodies. These sites are areas of significant biodiversity, endemism, and ecological importance.

Global warming, leading to changes in atmospheric circulation and increased temperatures, is the primary driver of accelerated glacial melt in the Himalayas. While deforestation can have localized impacts, global climate change is the overarching factor. Volcanic activity and reduced solar radiation are not the primary causes.

Sustainable livelihoods and the integration of traditional knowledge are key to empowering local communities to participate in conservation efforts and adapt to climate change impacts. The other options are detrimental to local communities and conservation goals.

The strategy emphasizes leveraging technology like AI and satellite imagery for better monitoring and understanding of glacier dynamics, which is crucial for effective conservation efforts. Artificial snow-making and ice walls are not considered viable or scalable solutions, and relocation is a drastic measure not typically part of such strategies.