Environment & Ecology MCQs

The porous nature of the bio-concrete is specifically engineered to facilitate the settlement and subsequent growth of coral larvae, a critical step in reef restoration.

Healthy coral reefs are crucial for coastal protection against erosion and storm surges, and they support significant economic activities like tourism and fisheries.

Pilot projects for the bio-concrete technology have been successfully implemented in the Great Barrier Reef and the Maldives, demonstrating its effectiveness.

Climate change, particularly ocean warming and acidification, along with pollution and destructive fishing practices, are the primary drivers of coral reef degradation.

The bio-concrete technology is designed to mimic the natural calcium carbonate structure of coral skeletons and is infused with microorganisms that accelerate calcification and deter algae, leading to higher success rates in coral settlement and growth.

The report advocates for a holistic approach including better management, technological adoption, and improved governance to combat water scarcity.

Increased efficiency in industrial water use would help alleviate water scarcity, not contribute to it. The other options are significant drivers.

The report identifies physical scarcity (lack of water resources) and economic scarcity (lack of infrastructure or governance to access water) as the two primary forms.

Agriculture is the largest consumer of freshwater globally, with irrigation being a major component of its water usage.

The UN report indicated that over 3 billion people globally face severe water scarcity for at least one month annually.