In which of the following medical fields are new AI models showing significant promise for early disease detection, particularly through image analysis?
1. Oncology (e.g., mammography, CT scans)
2. Cardiology (e.g., retinal scans for cardiovascular risk)
3. Neurology (e.g., MRI analysis for neurodegenerative diseases)
A 1 only
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3
Answer: D
AI models are demonstrating significant promise across various medical fields for early disease detection, especially through advanced image analysis. This includes oncology for detecting early signs of cancer in scans, cardiology for identifying cardiovascular risks from retinal images, and neurology for spotting subtle changes indicative of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's in MRI scans.
42.
What is considered the most significant advantage of new AI models in the early detection of diseases?
A Reducing the need for human medical professionals.
B Eliminating the requirement for diagnostic imaging.
C Enhancing accuracy and speed in identifying subtle disease markers.
D Providing instant cures for detected conditions.
Answer: C
The most significant advantage of AI in early disease detection is its ability to process vast amounts of data (medical images, genomic data, electronic health records) with high speed and accuracy, identifying subtle patterns or markers that might be missed by human observation, thereby enabling earlier diagnosis and intervention. It complements, rather than replaces, human professionals and diagnostic tools, and does not provide cures.
43.
Which of the following launch vehicles is most commonly used by ISRO for deploying its Earth Observation Satellites into Sun-Synchronous Polar Orbits (SSPO)?
A GSLV Mk III
B PSLV
C SSLV
D LVM3
Answer: B
The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is ISRO's workhorse for launching Earth Observation Satellites into Sun-Synchronous Polar Orbits (SSPO). It has a proven track record for reliably deploying a variety of remote sensing satellites. GSLV Mk III (now LVM3) is primarily used for heavier communication satellites into Geostationary Transfer Orbit, and SSLV is for smaller satellites.
44.
The TRISHNA mission, an advanced Earth observation satellite being developed by ISRO in collaboration with a foreign space agency, is primarily designed for:
A High-resolution optical imaging for urban planning.
B Thermal infrared imaging for water and energy balance studies.
C X-ray astronomy for black hole research.
D Monitoring solar flares and space weather.
Answer: B
The TRISHNA (Thermal infraRed Imaging Satellite for High-resolution Natural resource Assessment) mission is a joint venture between ISRO and CNES (French Space Agency). It is designed to provide high-resolution thermal infrared data for monitoring Earth's surface temperature, crucial for water resource management, agricultural monitoring, urban heat island studies, and understanding the Earth's energy balance.
45.
Which of the following statements about the NISAR mission, a joint Earth observation satellite project, is/are correct?
1. It is a collaboration between ISRO and JAXA.
2. It will use dual-frequency L-band and S-band Synthetic Aperture Radar.
3. Its primary objective is to study the Earth's atmosphere and weather patterns.
A 1 only
B 2 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 2 and 3 only
Answer: B
The NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) mission is a joint project between NASA and ISRO. It is designed to use dual-frequency L-band and S-band SAR to observe and measure changes in Earth's land and ice surfaces, providing data on ecosystems, ice mass, vegetation biomass, sea level rise, and natural hazards. Its primary objective is not solely atmosphere and weather patterns, but rather land and ice surface dynamics.
46.
What factors contribute to India's attractiveness for sustained Foreign Direct Investment inflows?
A Limited market size and low consumer spending
B Complex regulatory environment and bureaucratic hurdles
C Large domestic market, skilled workforce, and government reforms
D Political instability and currency depreciation
Answer: C
India's large and growing consumer base, availability of a skilled workforce, and ongoing economic and regulatory reforms make it an attractive destination for FDI.
47.
Which sectors in India have been major recipients of Foreign Direct Investment in the recent past?
A Agriculture and traditional handicrafts
B Manufacturing, services, and IT
C Mining and quarrying only
D Retail and hospitality exclusively
Answer: B
Key sectors like manufacturing, services (including IT and financial services), and infrastructure have attracted significant FDI.
48.
What trend has India observed regarding Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the recent period leading up to 2026?
A Significant outflow of FDI
B Stagnant FDI levels
C Sustained inflow of FDI
D Volatile and unpredictable FDI
Answer: C
India has been experiencing a consistent and sustained inflow of Foreign Direct Investment, indicating growing investor confidence.
49.
What is the current policy repo rate as maintained by the RBI in 2026?
A 5.75%
B 6.00%
C 6.25%
D 6.50%
Answer: D
The RBI has maintained the policy repo rate at 6.50% in its latest monetary policy review, citing inflation concerns.
50.
What is the primary reason cited by the RBI for maintaining the current repo rate?
A To stimulate export growth
B To combat persistent inflation
C To encourage foreign investment
D To reduce the fiscal deficit
Answer: B
The RBI's decision to hold the repo rate steady is primarily driven by the need to manage and control inflation, which remains a key concern.
