In 2023, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) launched a nationwide monitoring program for endangered species. Which organization is primarily responsible for implementing this program?
A Botanical Survey of India (BSI)
B Zoological Survey of India (ZSI)
C Wildlife Institute of India (WII)
D National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA)
Answer: C
The Wildlife Institute of India (WII), Dehradun, is a nodal institution for wildlife research and conservation in India and is primarily responsible for implementing such nationwide monitoring programs for endangered species.
202.
India's commitment to strengthening its global biodiversity framework involves various national initiatives. Which of the following is a significant national program related to biodiversity conservation in India?
A National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS)
B Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)
C National Mission for a Green India (GIM)
D Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Answer: C
The National Mission for a Green India (GIM) is one of the eight missions under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). It aims to improve forest and tree cover, enhance ecosystem services, and increase carbon sinks, which are crucial for biodiversity conservation.
203.
The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted in December 2022, sets out 23 targets for urgent action by 2030. Which of the following is a key target under this framework?
A To reduce global greenhouse gas emissions by 50% by 2030.
B To protect at least 30% of the planet's land and oceans by 2030 (Target 3).
C To achieve zero hunger by 2030.
D To ensure universal access to clean water and sanitation by 2030.
Answer: B
Target 3 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework aims to 'Ensure that all areas are under effective planning or management for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use, so that degradation of natural habitats is halted and reduced, and that ecosystems are restored, with at least 30 per cent of land and sea areas conserved by 2030.'
204.
Which international convention, to which India is a party, aims to conserve biological diversity, use its components sustainably, and share the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources equitably?
A United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
B Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
C Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
D Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
Answer: B
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is the international treaty that aims to conserve biological diversity, use its components sustainably, and share the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources equitably. India is a party to this convention.
205.
Which of the following technologies is commonly integrated into advanced surveillance systems deployed by border guarding forces like the BSF?
A Submarine detection sonar
B High-altitude weather balloons
C Thermal imagers and ground sensors
D Deep-space telescopes
Answer: C
Advanced border surveillance systems often integrate technologies such as thermal imagers, ground sensors, drones, and AI-based analytics to provide comprehensive situational awareness, especially during night and adverse weather conditions.
206.
The deployment of advanced surveillance systems by the BSF along the Western Border primarily aims to counter which of the following threats?
A Natural disasters
B Cyber warfare
C Infiltration and smuggling
D Airspace violations
Answer: C
These advanced systems are crucial for detecting and preventing cross-border infiltration, smuggling of arms and narcotics, and other illegal activities along the challenging Western Border terrain.
207.
Which Indian paramilitary force is primarily responsible for deploying advanced surveillance systems along the Western Border to enhance security?
A Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)
B Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)
C Border Security Force (BSF)
D Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)
Answer: C
The Border Security Force (BSF) is the primary border guarding organization of India, responsible for securing its western (Pakistan) and eastern (Bangladesh) borders.
208.
What does the term 'indigenous' signify regarding the 'Nirbhay-X' drone?
A It is developed in collaboration with a foreign country.
B It is designed and manufactured entirely within India.
C It uses imported components.
D It is a commercial off-the-shelf product.
Answer: B
'Indigenous' implies that the system, including its design, development, and manufacturing, is carried out entirely within India, promoting self-reliance in defense technology.
209.
The 'Nirbhay-X' drone, recently test-flown by DRDO, is an indigenous system primarily designed for what purpose?
A High-altitude atmospheric research
B Long-range surveillance and reconnaissance
C Deep-sea exploration
D Satellite launching
Answer: B
Building on the 'Nirbhay' cruise missile technology, the 'Nirbhay-X' drone is expected to offer advanced capabilities for long-range surveillance and reconnaissance missions, enhancing India's intelligence gathering.
210.
Which organization successfully conducted the test flight of the indigenous drone 'Nirbhay-X' in 2026?
A Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
B Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL)
C Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
D Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
Answer: C
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is responsible for the design, development, and testing of advanced indigenous defense systems like the 'Nirbhay-X' drone.
